G-I
Glucosamine
A substance produced by the body and found in certain foods. It
stimulates the production of two of the essential building blocks
of cartilage. There is some evidence that taking glucosamine supplements
can, in some cases, relieve joint inflammation.
Glucose
A monosaccharide sugar. Glucose is found naturally in some fruit,
and is also produced from the breakdown of more complex carbohydrates
such as disaccharides or polysaccharides. The body readily absorbs
glucose from the gut. Glucose is the preferred source of fuel for
the brain, red blood cells and muscles during intense exercise.
Glycogen
A complex carbohydrate made up of a chain of glucose
units. Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrate in humans and
is found in the liver and muscles.
Humidity
The amount of water vapour in the air. Relative humidity is
the amount of water vapour in the air compared with the amount of
vapour needed to make the air saturated at the air's current temperature.
The relative humidity in the UK is between 40 and 60% [www.weather.co.uk].
Hydration
The taking in of water. Failure to hydrate sufficiently results
in dehydration.
Hypertonic
Describes a solution containing more ‘particles’ (dissolved
solids) than blood plasma.
Hypotonic
Describes a solution containing less ‘particles’ (dissolved
solids) than blood plasma.
Isoleucine
An essential amino acid.
Isotonic
Describes a solution containing roughly the same number of ‘particles’
(dissolved solids) as blood plasma.
Isotonic solutions are often said to be in balance with the body’s
fluid.
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